Forests as carbon sinksbenefits and consequences tree. Don a, schumacher j, freibauer a 2011 impact of tropical landuse change on soil organic carbon stocksa metaanalysis. Landuse conversion and changing soil carbon stocks in china. Jan 28, 2014 changes in soil organic carbon soc stocks significantly influence the atmospheric c concentration. Here we summarize findings based on a new global database containing data sets of changes in soil organic carbon stocks and soil ch 4 and n 2 o fluxes. Impact of tropical land use change on soil organic carbon stocks a metaanalysis. Metaanalysis also showed that elevated co 2 increased soil carbon decomposition rate, limiting carbon storage potential van groenigen et al. Soil carbon pool up to 1meter deep for soil orders of the worlds icefree land surface. Quantifying the stock of soil carbon sequestration in. Global patterns of the effects of landuse changes on soil carbon stocks. While this type of economic and policy analysis is urgently needed, future analyses need to include soil c. Agroforestry systems may play an important role in mitigating climate change, having the ability to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide co 2 in plant parts and soil. Aug 14, 2019 land use and cover change lucc is an important indicator of the humanearth system under climateenvironmental change, which also serves as a key impact factor of carbon balance, and a major sourcesink of soil carbon cycles.
Grasslands second state of the carbon cycle report. A meta analysis the effects of land use change on soil carbon stocks are of concern in the context of. Procedure to determine when accounting of the soil organic. Guo and gifford 2002 undertook a meta analysis of estimates of changes in soil carbon stocks following land use change and showed decreases in carbon storage of 10% when grassland was converted to coniferous plantation forest, but no change when broadleaved plantations were established into grassland. As an overall average across all land use change examined, land use conversions had significantly reduced soil c stock. The meta analysis indicates that soil c stocks decline after land use.
At each location in the benchmark sites, one or two land use chronosequences were sampled. Metaanalysis of numerous field experiments showed that soil carbon stocks increase when precipitation is increased or decreased in grasslands zhou et al. Oct 30, 2012 it has been suggested that conversion to organic farming contributes to soil carbon sequestration, but until now a comprehensive quantitative assessment has been lacking. Guo and gifford performed a meta analysis of data from 74 publications indicating that soil c stocks decline after land use changes from pasture to plantation 10%, native forest to plantation forest. Climate legacies drive global soil carbon stocks in. Global patterns of the dynamics of soil carbon and nitrogen.
However, global soil carbon stocks of agricultural land have decreased. Chinese grain for green program led to highly increased soil. Sep 05, 2017 land use and land cover change has resulted in substantial losses of carbon from soils globally, but credible estimates of how much soil carbon has been lost have been difficult to generate. When assessing soc stocks, sampling and analysis must be carefully planned to avoid bias and ensure accurate calculations. The highest soc losses were caused by conversion of primary forest into cropland. Impact of tropical land use change on soil organic carbon. Geographic bias of field observations of soil carbon. The effects of land use change on soil carbon stocks are of concern in the context of international policy agendas on greenhouse gas emissions mitigation. Meta analysis of numerous field experiments showed that soil carbon stocks increase when precipitation is increased or decreased in grasslands zhou et al.
Changes in soil c and n stocks were significantly correlated and had a similar temporal pattern. Thus, similar to other metaanalysis guo and gifford, 2002, laganiere et al. Increased soil c stocks in af were lower than aboveground c stocks in most af systems, except alley cropping. Pdf the effect of landuse change on the net exchange. In a synthesis of field data, for example, the mean effect size of warming on decomposition rates was statistically significant and strongly positive2. We used data from more than 5000 terrestrial sites from three global and regional data sets to identify the relative importance of current and past last. Land use and land cover change has resulted in substantial losses of carbon from soils globally, but credible estimates of how much soil carbon has been lost have been difficult to generate. Global patterns of the effects of landuse changes on soil. Landusecover conversion affects soil organiccarbon.
Gifford r 2002 soil carbon stocks and land use change. A case study from southern belgium 18 koco, s balance of soil organic carbon stock changes on the background of detailed. Taylor university of southampton, southampton, so17 1bj, united kingdom article info article history. Request pdf soil carbon stocks and land use change. Soil carbon sequestration at a global scale is considered the mechanism responsible for the greatest mitigation potential within the agricultural sector, with an estimated 90% contribution to the potential of what is technically feasible 1, 2. Ancillary information climate, soils, native vegetation, etc. Soil provides for agriculture, improves water quality, and buffers greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Landuse conversion and changing soil carbon stocks in chinas grainforgreen program. Impact of tropical land use change on soil organic carbon stocks a metaanalysis axel don, jens schumacher, annette freibauer to cite this version. This paper synthesized 5 recent publications 844 observations at 181 sites focused on the conversion from cropland to grassland, shrubland or forest in china, better known as the grainforgreen program to determine which factors were driving. The decline of soil organic carbon worldwide is an environmental risk that undermines not only soil fertility and productivity, and hence food security, but also the progressive stabilisation and subsequent reduction of. To judge the reliability of dgvms in simulating past and future changes in soil c, models have to be evaluated against observations. Apr 19, 2012 prior land use land use has a great impact on both soil c and n dynamics. Abstract the effects of land use change on soil carbon stocks are of concern in the context of international policy agendas on greenhouse gas. We analyzed the changes in four types of land usecover and their influence on soc content, density, and regional stocks along the main channel of the tarim river in china for 20002010 obtained from remotely sensed images and field. However, legacy impacts of past climates on current soil c stocks are poorly understood. Introduction soil organic carbon soc is an important indicator of soil and land health as it integrates several inherent soil properties and responds strongly to aboveground landscape dynamics, including landuse change and land degradation processes. Despite their importance, however, stocks of soil organic carbon soc, which is the carbon component of soil organic matter som, have been depleted through changes in land use and.
The heihe river basin hrb is known as a typical ecologically fragile area in the aridsemiarid regions of northwestern china, which makes it more sensitive to the. Effect of land use change on soil organic carbon in. Database of carbon from various land use is required as a basis for determining historical and initial of c stock, c gains sequestration, or c losses emission. Metaanalysis of afforestation effects on soil carbon storage in the united states and canadian border provinces found that land. Guo and gifford 2002 undertook a metaanalysis of estimates of changes in soil carbon stocks following land use change and showed decreases in carbon storage of 10% when grassland was converted to coniferous plantation forest, but no change when broadleaved plantations were established into grassland. Soil science and conservation research institute, bratislava, slovak republic. One of the environmental impacts of landuse change luc is a change in the net exchange of the greenhouse gases ghgs carbon dioxide co 2, methane ch 4 and nitrous oxide n 2 o. Soils need to be considered when assessing the impacts of. However, in a metaanalysis of 74 publications, guo and gifford 2002 concluded that soil organic carbon soc stocks declined by 10 % following a change in.
A meta analysis of soil carbon and ghg emissions z. Received 31 july 2014 received in revised form 24 april 2015 accepted 6 may 2015 available online xxx keywords. We combine that with estimates of biomass carbon stock. Reliable and lowcost methodologies for measuring soc are also required, so analysis costs do not outweigh carbon credits. Jobbagy and jackson 2000 and manipulation of soc stocks through landuse and management changes has. Agroforestry systems may play an important role in mitigating climate change, having the ability to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide co2 in plant parts and soil. Enhanced top soil carbon stocks under organic farming. Landusecover conversion affects soil organiccarbon stocks. The meta analysis indicates that soil c stocks decline after land use changes from pasture to plantation.
We synthesized the results from 292 sites and carried out a metaanalysis to evaluate the dynamics of soil c and n stocks following afforestation. Don a, schumacher j, freibauer a 2011 impact of tropical landuse change on soil organic carbon stocks a metaanalysis. Global model estimates of land use related soil carbon soil c changes rely on dynamic global vegetation models dgvms. What are the effects of agricultural management on soil. Soil organic carbon stocks are dynamic and changes in land use, land management and climate all have significant impacts. Agroforestry practices promote biodiversity and natural. Soil carbon stocks are sensitive to agricultural and forestry practices and loss of carbonrich soils such.
It is estimated that forest standing biomass accounts for 8286% of above. Yet human activities, including agricultural soil erosion, are rapidly degrading soil faster than it is naturally replenished. One of the environmental impacts of land use change luc is a change in the net exchange of the greenhouse gases ghgs carbon dioxide co 2, methane ch 4 and nitrous oxide n 2 o. Abstract accurately quantifying changes in soil carbon c stocks with landuse change is important for estimating the anthropogenic fluxes of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere and for implementing policies such as redd reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation that provide financial incentives to reduce carbon dioxide fluxes from deforestation and land. Global patterns of the effects of landuse changes on soil carbon.
Global symposium on soil organic carbon, rome, italy, 2123. Carbon c stored in forest ecosystems represents a substantial part of the global c budget. Soil carbon sequestration and land use change associated. The highest c stocks in soil were in subtropical homegardens, af with younger trees, and topsoil 020 cm. Effect of land use change on soil organic carbon gabriela barancikova g. Additional benefits include higher soil fertility since increased soc stocks improve the physical and biological properties of the soil. Pdf the effect of landuse change on the net exchange rates. Measuring soil organic carbon stocks issues and considerations. Upon the cessation of cultivation and afforestation, the new equilibrium. The carbon sequestration potential of chinas grasslands.
Landuse change and management effects on soil carbon. The future of humanity is intertwined with the future of earths soil resources. However, in a meta analysis of 74 publications, guo and gifford 2002 concluded that soil organic carbon soc stocks declined by 10 % following a change in land use from pasture to plantation. A range of meta analyses on soil c changes following land use change luc has been pub. Grassland management impacts on soil carbon stocks. Meta analysis also showed that elevated co 2 increased soil carbon decomposition rate, limiting carbon storage potential van groenigen et al. Guo and gifford performed a metaanalysis of data from 74 publications indicating that soil c stocks decline after landuse changes from pasture to plantation 10%, native forest to plantation forest.
Globally, landuse change can cause a change in soil c stock. Soil carbon debt of 12000 years of human land use pnas. Changes in landusecover strongly drive variation of soc stocks. Quantifying the stock of soil carbon sequestration in different land uses. Mapping of soil organic carbon stocks for spatially explicit. Therefore, datasets from 74 studies from pairwise comparisons of organic vs. Nov 23, 2002 the effects of land use change on soil carbon stocks are of concern in the context of international policy agendas on greenhouse gas emissions mitigation.
The pairwise field sampling used in this study is an effective method to assess ecosystem c stocks under land. Agricultural management practices that increase soc stocks thus may have profound effects on climate mitigation. If data on soil carbon concentration and bulk density were included, we report carbon stocks. When assessing soc stocks, sampling and analysis must be carefully planned to avoid bias and. Indonesian soil data base and predicted stock of soil carbon. Mapping of soil organic carbon stocks for spatially.
Good practice guidance for land use, landuse change and forestry. The impact of land use and cover change on soil organic. Global patterns of the dynamics of soil carbon and. Oct 28, 2017 agroforestry systems may play an important role in mitigating climate change, having the ability to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide co 2 in plant parts and soil. Soil carbon debt of 12,000 years of human land use pnas. Landuse conversion and changing soil carbon stocks in.
Enhanced top soil carbon stocks underorganic farming food and. Managing uncertainty in soil carbon feedbacks to climate. A metaanalysis was carried out to investigate changes in soil organic carbon soc stocks at 015, 030, 060, 0100, and 0. However, global soil carbon stocks of agricultural land have decreased historically and continue to decline. We analyzed the changes in four types of land usecover and their influence on soc content, density, and regional stocks along the main channel of the tarim river in china for 20002010 obtained from remotely sensed images and field surveys. Pdf soil carbon sequestration in agroforestry systems. Guo lb, gifford rm 2002 soil carbon stocks and land use change. Following cultivation of previously forested lands deforestation. Soil organic carbon soc constitutes a large pool within the global carbon cycle. However, the same metaanalysis showed that the mean effect of warming on soil c stocks was indistinguishable from zero. At this rate, human security over the next century will be severely threatened by. Using a datadriven statistical model and the history database of the global environment v3.
Enhanced top soil carbon stocks under organic farming pnas. Harrison rb, footen pw, strahm bd 2011 deep soil horizons. Road development and market access on nicaraguas atlantic coast. Significant c and n stock increases were found 30 and 50 yr after afforestation, respectively.
Soil and human security in the 21st century science. Chinese grain for green program led to highly increased. Carbon storage and landuse strategies in agricultural. Ar methodological tool procedure to determine when. The data and information are needed to build a system of monitoring the dynamics changes in carbon stocks needed on various types of soil and land use. Land use change to carbon farming pressure on land tenure and family farming ghg emissions water quality pesticides resources consumption.
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